Monday, March 16, 2009
Language And Hip-Hop Culture
One of the main reasons why I decided to focus on Hip-Hop culture this week (apart from being a fan of Hip-Hop and Rap music myself) was due to all the recent endorsements of Hip-Hop musicians by the fashion industry. Many big fashion labels and departmental stores have approached famous Hip-Hop artists such as, Missy Elliott, Lil’ Kim, 50 Cent, Jay-Z and Justin Timberlake, to design their own clothing lines and thus, establish their own fashion labels. Adidas has been using Missy Elliott as their spokesperson for the past few years. Thus, the Hip-Hop genre presents a huge profitable market for companies and business organisations to tap into.
Plus, lately, local television programmes on Channel 5, Channel NewsAsia and even media texts such as, The Straits Times newspapers, and numerous local magazines have incorporated hip-hop lingo into their vernacular. It is common to hear reporters in the news use terms like “bling”, “phat”, “dis” and “crib”. This shows that hip-hop lingo is now very commercialised and is being used (in the context of Singapore) to appeal to a younger audience.
Language and words help to convey ideas, opinions, thoughts, emotions and influences the way we think. In terms of Hip-Hop, a lot of the influence on language has come from rapping, also known as the delivery of rhymes in rhythm. The quick repetition of repartee’ and speech resulted in people incorporating the style of rap, into verbal communication. Rap has got American Blues, Jazz, West-African and Caribbean-style DJ’ing roots. This can be seen in the Jamaican, reggae, and dancehall influences in today’s Hip-Hop music and lingo.
Historically, Hip-Hop emerged as a cultural movement in America in the 1960’s and 1970’s among the urban youth in New York (Bronx), Miami and California. As Rap was associated with gangs and crime, Hip-Hop emerged as a conscious alternative to violence. The White population had their Rock ‘N’ Roll, and the middle and upper class Black communities were into Jazz and Blues. Thus, Hip-Hop was embraced by the poorer Black and Hispanic communities and they used it to express their views about society, their social status and issues like race and gender. That is why Hip-Hop artists use expletives to express themselves in their music, as that is how they want to talk about their problems; without any restrictions and censorship, as that defines their reality and represents the “raw” aspect of their culture and socialisation. Thus, Hip-Hop lingo is viewed as a symbol of freedom and identity.
In terms of the properties of Hip-Hop, the language in the genre has a very unique and distinctive slang. Compared to other musical spheres, such as Rock, Pop, Alternative, Indie, Classical and Jazz, where the language used is predominantly mainstream vernacular, Hip-Hop has its own system of symbols. The phonemes or pronunciation of words are usually similar to mainstream English, but spelt differently. For example, “phat” is pronounced just like “fat”. Plus, the semantics or meaning of words used in Hip-Hop usually differ from mainstream English. “Hood” does not literally refer to a hood, but to a neighbourhood. “Holla” (sometimes spelt as “holler”), is used to say goodbye and end a conversation. In Lil’ Kim’s “Doing It Way Big”, she mentions “frontin”, which means pretend. The reason for this would be to establish their own way of communication and the difference in the meaning of words would also represent the different socialisation and experience of the African-Americans in the 1970’s and 1980’s, as hip-hop was emerging.
In terms of the impact of Hip-Hop, the language used tend to propagate a particular lifestyle and culture, filled with power, money, respect, sex and drugs. Thus, a lot of the terminology used in Hip-Hop culture is symbolic, in its affiliation to success and power. In reference to the lyrics indicated below, the title itself “Doing It Way Big”, reflects abundance. Plus, the song talks about taking shopping trips to Greece and Lil’ Kim (whose real name is Kimberly Jones) also professes to getting gold from her own mine in Africa. The whole song talks about living the high life, like a billionaire and being spoilt with extravagances (Hermes bag, Tiffany Silverware, Rolls Royce, Chanel, Louis Vuitton, Ralph Lauren and Versace). Many Hip-Hop artists rave about money and power, due to the fact that they grew up poor and on the streets. Thus, now that they finally have the recognition and means, they feel that they have the right to enjoy and flaunt it. Nevertheless, a lot of Hip-Hop artists portray a persona in their music and videos, but in reality live a much simpler and less glamorous life. The persona acts as a form of artistic freedom and expression. This can be seen in the use of nicknames, such as Lil’ Kim, Lil’ Jon, Lil’ Bow Wow, Jadakiss, Jay-Z, Lupe Fiasco and Ms. Dynamite in Hip-Hop music.
In terms of language-based barriers to communication, Hip-Hop jargon is still not understood by everyone, and only those who listen to the music and expose themselves to the culture, would be aware of the slang.
Social Blindness
Some social critics and theorists have blamed the telephone for cutting down on purer forms of socialization, ones that promote both trust-building and unfiltered reinforcement. On that note, I’ve found that many individuals avoid using the telephone specifically because it forces them to rely too much on their imagination. (An even extremer form of imaginative communication would be epistolary correspondence, which relies on all kinds of fantasy devices due to the absence of both auditory and visual cues.)
Concerning telemarketing, I posit that many individuals’ animosity comes from an inability to see the person on the other side, something that strips them of their ability to assess intention. In other words, the mind becomes frustrated with being addressed personally by an impersonal entity it can’t see.) The result is a kind of social blindness, or an inability to openly confront the other person.
Many individuals that I’ve talk to also described frustration while trying to work out problems over the telephone with friends or family. One individual, a woman in her early twenties, described telephone arguments with her boyfriend as being suffocating:
It’s like trying to find a key at the bottom of a swimming pool with a blindfold on. I would much prefer talking face-to-face, being able to read the other person and know when or where to adjust.
The most telling thing about this subject’s response is that she described her conversations in conscious terms, as though she could remember controlling her nonverbal cues and responses. This is highly unlikely, because nonverbal cues are given and received subconsciously. Still, her response does show that she values, even needs, face-to-face communication.
Friday, February 20, 2009
Sunday, February 15, 2009
Depression
Well, in our daily life, depression occurs in every single person in this world. There are different types of depression such as human depression, economics, mathematics, etc. Among those depressions that I have mentioned, I will only explain about human depression. Before I move on, let me explain about the word “depression”. The term “depression” or “depressed” refers to both expected and severe levels of sadness, helpless, hopeless, loss pleasure, and other related emotions and behaviors.
As for human depression, everyone have different reasons that cause depression in their life. For example, adults in a development country, they normally get annoyed about losing their jobs or family. When the country is having recession, workers start to worry about losing their jobs. After losing their jobs, 80% of the adults will have depression and in that situation, it will affect the family. As a result, they end up being in a suicide or death case.
As for teenagers; exams, love, family, and other problems will lead them to depression. This is mainly caused by the pressure in them coming from their family and friends. Teenagers usually care more about their love life compared to others and when this happens, their academic achievements decreases. The main consequence is that this disappoints their family and affects their love life. Teenagers will later feel depressed and tries to avoid their problems by suicide. In conclusion, human depression does not only cause sadness to the people but also a difficult way to solve their problems such as suicide.
Wednesday, February 11, 2009
LAUGHTER
From my point of view, that a person who laughs will always bring happiness and cheerful feeling towards others. There are ways that might work on a person to laugh by telling jokes, tickling, funny face and other stimuli. From the negative point of view, a strong laughter can sometimes bring out tears from a person and even moderate muscular pain from the mouth, throat, stomach and other parts of the body.
Well, laughter is a GREAT EMOTION because when we laugh we will feel good and relief. When we study in primary, secondary, college or maybe from our parents, we heard the saying, “Laughter is the best medicine”. For example, Norman Cousin had overcome his diagnosis with his laugh therapy. From this situation, we know that laugh can improve a person’s healthy. Moreover, laughter can reduce the level of stress and other distraction.
How to use laughter?
· By watching comedies film
- Tell jokes with your friends or family
· Find humor in your life
· Reading books
REMEMBER THIS "LAUGHTER IS THE BEST MEDICINE"
XD
Sunday, February 8, 2009
Face Expression
Example: Im talking to Sean and his cousin. so when his cousin says something i might not agree with like when his cousin says: hey Sean go for a movie and i dont want too.. so i just give sean a look and he will know that i don't agree with that idea.
To be polite we can use this facial expressions but make sure the other person doesnt notice it they might get offended.
THIS IS A ONE FACIAL EXPRESSION
This guy is showing that he is shock. hehe :)
from his face we can already know that he got shock from something.
this is what i mean by expression we can see it om peoples face and know how they are feeling.
not only words but also actions can show how we feel inside!!
ANDREW JAMES
SIGNS
the sign that people do to actually pass signals to other are like moving any part of the body.
example:. Im walking with Reshan and we see a girl. she just beside us. i cant actually say hey damn she so hot.. cause she might hear it, so i just wink at him and give a smile. He will notice then notice her and if he thinks the same he will smile back.
It depends on how well two people kow each other too. the relationship they share. how well do they know each other to actaully understand these signs. Another expample is.
example: Sean and me are in a class room and his pen fell dowm, he didnt notice it.. i call tap his hand and look down he will also look down and see his pen. He will then just pick it up cause he knows that i was telling him his pen fell.
there are many ways to actaully communicate we dont have to always use words to communicate with others.
ANDREW JAMES
Tuesday, February 3, 2009
Arts and science of sign language...
Uses Of Signs In Hearing Communities
Sign language can be used in various different types of situations, where speech is not permitted or practical for example, in cloistered religious communities, scuba diving, television recording studios and stock exchanges. Sometimes, if the prevalence of deaf people is high enough, a deaf sign language will be taken up by an entire local community.
Sunday, February 1, 2009
Characteristics of Interpersonal Relationship
facial expression
1. a characteristic of a person that is represented
2. a visual configuration that represents this characteristic
3. the physical basis of this appearance, or sign vehicle, e.g., the skin, muscle movements,fat,wrinkles, lines, blemishes, etc
4. typically, some person or other perceiver that perceives and interprets the signs.
Facial expressions are an important channel of nonverbal communication. Many animal species display facial expressions, but expressions are highly developed particularly in the primates, and perhaps most of all, in humans. Even though the human species has acquired the powerful capabilities of a verbal language, the role of facial expressions in person-to-person interactions remains substantial. Messages of the face that provide commentary and illustration about verbal communications are significant in themselves. Other types of expressions provide another, different mode for understanding the private, hidden side of the inner person, a side which may not be accessible in the form of verbalizations. For example, the facial behaviors related to emotion can reveal part of the feeling side of a person's private life. Such emotion indicators range from stereotyped, full-face expressions that are obvious to fleeting, partial-face movements that are hard to see.
Language
Yesterday while visiting my relatives in my hometown.. one of my cousins gave me a list of tongue twister to read.. and so i did!! and i found out that when one word have two meaning it is very very difficult to read it fast and according to the textbook in the Language chapter it is called the Phonological Rules.. this is a rules on how a word can sound when it is pronounced..
Example :
The present is present during the gift ceremony..
TRY THIS!! say it as FAST AS YOU CAN!!
Can you can a can as a canner can can a can?
How many cookies could a good cook cook If a good cook could cook cookies? A good cook could cook as much cookies as a good cook who could cook cookies
If you can't can any candy can,how many candy cans can a candy canner canif he can can candy cans ?
If Kantie can tie a tie and untie a tie,why can't I tie a tie and untie a tie like Kantie can.
WELL~~ how is it? had fun rite?
Thats all for today and am STILL IN THE CNY mood!!
Happy Chinese New Year to all of You!!
Saturday, January 31, 2009
human communication
excited HI!!!!
Language is a complex phonomenon meaning language can mean i different thing depend on how, where and when we use it.
Langauge also has a ver strong power of it own meaning like names, credibility, status,sexism and racism.
Langauge with status - A person with high status wont be cursing and speaking in a loud tone of voice, he/she would be speaking in a proper manner and that would actually show a status of that person.
language with names - have you ever heard of a person being famous for his name like romeo. the name romeo actually gives the meaning romans, gentle, kind. people normally associate the name romeo with those characteristics.
language with sexism and racism - language also plays a role with sexism such as a boy would normally be given a boys name like andrew, sean or aaron and a girl would be given names like shana, jovita, jessie or kim. It would be weird for a boy to be name shana. langauge gives a person an identity if we hear the name sean, we would straight know its a guy. Language with racism is like with names. an indian child would normally be name reshan or siva. a chinese child would be named lim cin cau or teh soo seean. this would give an identity that they come from an indian family or chinese family.
So this is what i have to say on language. will continue soon
ANDREW JAMES
Art of Gay (Homosexual) Flirting
They might get punch in the face. :)
Gay people actually have their own way of communication with one and other if they want to flirt with another gay they would actually look and see how the other guy is acting. Is he soft or have a gentle side, i find it very interesting who they can communicate in such way.
they best way for then to flirt are in clubs. There are clubs where only gay people go there and they can actually meet other gay people there. This clubs would normally play songs like " The book in on the table " its a trance songs that was compose by a gay DJ.
Andrew James
(B0801532)
Friday, January 30, 2009
Flirting!!!!!!
-Eye contact i.e winking and bashing of eye lashes
-"Protean" i.e touching one's hair
-Smiling (speaks for itself)
-Footsie, the feet under the table practice
-Teasing
-Coyness i.e being cute or playfull.
Happy Flirting!!!!
Done by,
Nirosha
Thursday, January 29, 2009
Communication betweeen non-human living organisms
Fungi for instance, communicate by sending out symbiotic interactions. They communicate with nonfungal organisms through this way. So far five different primary signals have been verified, where each has its own specific meaning, filamentation, mating,growth and pathogenicity.
done by,
Nirosha
Friday, January 23, 2009
Non - Verbal communication for Leaders.
Therefore, according to G. W. Porter non-verbal communication is divided into four broad categories. Which are, physical, aesthetic, signs and symbolic.
- Physical. A type of communication that includes facial expressions, tone of voice, sense of touch, sense of smell, and body motions.
- Aesthetic. The type of communication that takes place through creative expressions: playing instrumental music, dancing, painting and sculpturing.
- Signs. A mechanical type of communication, which includes the use of signal flags, the 21-gun salute, horns, and sirens.
- Symbolic. This is the type of communication that makes use of religious, status, or ego-building symbols.
Non – verbal communication plays a very important role for leaders of organizations fro at LEAST 2 reasons:
To function effectively as a team leader the manager must interact with the other members successfully. Non-verbal cues, when interpreted correctly, provide him with one means to do so.
The team members project attitudes and feelings through non-verbal communication. Some personal needs such as approval, growth, achievement, and recognition may be met in effective teams. The extent to which these needs are met is closely related to how perceptive the team leader and team members are to non-verbal communication in themselves and in others on the team.
Apart from it, there are some researches have deepened their knowledge about the features of nonverbal communication that provide information to managers and their team members. Which I’m going to share with everyone in this blog. The information have been summarized.
Static Features
Distance.
- Distance. The distance one stands from another frequently conveys a non-verbal message. In some cultures it is a sign of attraction, while in others it may reflect status or the intensity of the exchange.
- Orientation. People may present themselves in various ways: face-to-face, side-to-side, or even back-to-back. For example, cooperating people are likely to sit side-by-side while competitors frequently face one another.
- Posture. Obviously one can be lying down, seated, or standing. These are not the elements of posture that convey messages. Are we slouched or erect ? Are our legs crossed or our arms folded ? Such postures convey a degree of formality and the degree of relaxation in the communication exchange.
- Physical Contact. Shaking hands, touching, holding, embracing, pushing, or patting on the back all convey messages. They reflect an element of intimacy or a feeling of (or lack of) attraction.
Dynamic Features
Facial Expressions.
- Facial Expressions. A smile, frown, raised eyebrow, yawn, and sneer all convey information. Facial expressions continually change during interaction and are monitored constantly by the recipient. There is evidence that the meaning of these expressions may be similar across cultures.
- Gestures. One of the most frequently observed, but least understood, cues is a hand movement. Most people use hand movements regularly when talking. While some gestures (e.g., a clenched fist) have universal meanings, most of the others are individually learned and idiosyncratic.
- Looking. A major feature of social communication is eye contact. It can convey emotion, signal when to talk or finish, or aversion. The frequency of contact may suggest either interest or boredom.
The above list shows that both static features and dynamic features transmit important information from the sender to the receiver.
Moreover, according to Tortoriello, Blott, and DeWine they have defined non-verbal communication as:
". . . the exchange of messages primarily through non-linguistic means, including: kinesics (body language), facial expressions and eye contact, tactile communication, space and territory, environment, paralanguage (vocal but non-linguistic cues), and the use of silence and time."
*Lee Wenji*
Wednesday, January 21, 2009
Perception
This is the answer from a few individuals whom i sorta interviewed.
Fawn:It is a way a person sees the world..
Marcus:Perception is how you see things-lah..
Ben: Is how you view things of someone or something..
Well , i think everyone gets an idea on what perception is right?
PERCEPTION is the process of noticing, organizing, and interpreting date about people, events, activities and situations.
My experience:
The Perception on the event that i have made is that every event organised by the students council is a BIG NO NO thing to go for and this perception started since the orientation night and because this event i did not enjoy it and i fell its kinda lousy i don't think i will attend any other event that is organise by the students council.. this perception has ended when i have asked a few question on the members of the council.. Past experience is one of the factor that influences perception..
I strongly recommend you readers to be empathy towards other people before making a first impression and clinging to it.. and how do we avoid on people having perception on you??? Manage your impression..
HOW???
Manage your Manners, Appearance, and Setting(physical items we use to influence others on how they view us)
signing off~~
What is Communication???
According to the book Understanding Human Communication, Ninth Edition, Oxford University Press :New York by Ronald B.Adler & R. George (2006), it says... :
Communication refers to the process of human beings responding to the symbolic behavior of other person.
During the past lectures, i have studied that there are 5 types of communications.. and this is a brief explanation about it.
1) Intrapersonal Communication
Intrapersonal communication means a communication process within an individual. For example, a man can look into the mirror and talk to himself either talking using his little voice or saying it out loud to reflect on his personal behaviour. For me, waking up early in the morning first thing that i will do is i will look into the mirror to start my day by talking to myself and asking myself what i want to achieve today.. this is my personal experience on intrapersonal communication.
2)Dyadic/Interpersonal Communication
Interpersonal communication is two person interacting with each other. For example, we can have a lecturer talking and sharing information with a student is a form of interpersonal communication.This process is what we do everyday without fail.. and most of the time we just have to TALK or crap something even though we are seeing them(friends) in college..
3)Small Group Communication
Small Group is a group of people interacting with many individual but usually in a group we have a leader who is in the position of authority to lead a group. For example, a family is a type of small group and it consist of a leader who is normally the breadwinner of the family are the person who is in the position of authority.
4)Public Communication
Public Communication are usually one or more speakers delivering their remarks or to other member who act as the audience but the audience are given chance to ask questions. For example, in a public speaking competition, the speaker may be questioned if the message is not clear or understood by the judges. Besides that, in college presentations in classes are also a form of public communication.. (get ready your ideas and facts before presenting okay?? =D)
5)Mass Communication
I have no idea on this before the lectures and reading the textbook but now i do..Mass Communication are messages that are delivered to a wide range of population and it is usually through media masses such as the newspapers publishing,radio and television in the form of advertisement or news. Example of media masses that are used in Malaysia are TV1,TV2,NTV7, and ASTRO.
Misconceptions about communication
One of the misconception that hit me during the lectures is that Communication will not solve all problems..Yeah.. One may feel that communicating makes it worse in the relationship but on the other hand it can strengthen one relationship and it makes them understand their friends or family better. But then it still depends on what the situation is.. and one more misconception during communicating is that "meaning rest in people, not words" it means that what you said it depends on how that person look at it.. And lastly, more communication is not always better because it may create more and more conflicts one after another as it is happening to me.. This friend of mine have been ignoring me and i have tried to talked to him about that but it seems that it is not working so i have dropped the matter and i'm just following the flow..and wait..
Signing off..
~Shana~
Sources of pictures: http://www.fruitnvegweek.health.wa.gov.au http://cache.eb.com/eb/image?id=92797&rendTypeId=4 http://cache.eb.com/eb/image?id=93838&rendTypeId=36